Understanding life processes is essential for Class 10 students, as it forms a crucial part of CBSE Biology. This guide covers all important topics, including nutrition, respiration, transportation, and excretion, in a concise and easy-to-understand format.
What Are Life Processes?
Life processes are essential biological functions that sustain living organisms. The main life processes include:
- Nutrition
- Respiration
- Transportation
- Excretion
1. Nutrition
Definition: The process of obtaining food and converting it into energy.
- Types of Nutrition:
- Autotrophic Nutrition: Plants prepare their own food using photosynthesis.
- Heterotrophic Nutrition: Animals and humans depend on others for food.
- Photosynthesis Equation:
- Holozoic Nutrition Steps: Ingestion → Digestion → Absorption → Assimilation → Egestion
2. Respiration
Definition: The process of breaking down food to release energy.
- Types of Respiration:
- Aerobic Respiration: Uses oxygen, releases more energy.
- Anaerobic Respiration: Occurs without oxygen, produces less energy.
- Respiration Equation:
- Respiratory Organs: Lungs (Humans), Stomata (Plants), Gills (Fish)
3. Transportation
Definition: The movement of substances like oxygen, nutrients, and waste in the body.
- In Plants:
- Xylem: Transports water from roots to leaves.
- Phloem: Transports food from leaves to other parts.
- In Humans:
- Circulatory System Components:
- Heart: Pumps blood.
- Blood Vessels: Carry blood.
- Blood: Contains RBCs, WBCs, platelets, and plasma.
- Circulatory System Components:
4. Excretion
Definition: The removal of metabolic waste from the body.
- In Humans:
- Kidneys: Filter urea and other wastes.
- Liver: Converts ammonia to urea.
- Lungs: Remove CO₂ through respiration.
- In Plants:
- Transpiration: Removal of excess water.
- Storage of Waste in Vacuoles
Conclusion
Understanding life processes helps in building a strong foundation in Biology. Keep revising key concepts and diagrams for better understanding.
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FAQs
Q1. What are the 7 life processes? A: Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, Nutrition.
Q2. Why is respiration important? A: It provides energy required for various life processes.
Q3. What is the main function of xylem and phloem? A: Xylem transports water, and phloem transports food in plants.
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